瀋陽故宮導遊詞英文版(精選3篇)

瀋陽故宮導遊詞英文版 篇1

Hello, everyone! Please allow me to express a warm welcom#e on behalf of Shenyang citizens. I'm with great pleasure to be your tourist guide and from now on I will show you around Shenyang Imperial Palace, where the founder of Qing Dynasty Nuerhachi and his son Huangtaiji lived.

瀋陽故宮導遊詞英文版(精選3篇)

Shenyang Imperial Palace, Fuling tomb and Zhaoling Tomb made in the early period of Qing Dynasty are the three famous historical sites in Shenyang. Shenyang Imperial Palace with a history of over 360 years started in 1625 and was roughly accom#plished in 1636 during the reign of Nuerhachi and Huangtaiji. After them four emperors of Qing Dynasty had com#e back from Beijing to this palace for 10 times and enlarged its area and added its buildings. They were Emperor Kangxi, Qianlong, Jiaqing and Daoguang. Therefore, until 1783 the palace was finally finished. Shenyang Imperial Palace is one of the two royal palaces well kept in China. The other one is Forbidden City in Beijing. Shenyang Imperial Palace was entitled "Historic Culture Relics Preserved Buildings" in 1961 by the State Council. This palace is an emperor museum com#bining the architectural styles of the minorities of Man, Han and Mongolia. This palace covers an area of 60,000 square meters, com#prising over 20 courtyards, 300 houses and 70 buildings. The whole construction is divided into three sections: the east, middle and west.

First let's pay a visit to the buildings in the buildings in the middle section. The layout of middle section is similar to a Chinese com#pound with three courtyards. The first courtyard is the office area. It starts from the Grand Qing Gate on the south and ends at Holy Administration Hall. From Phoenix Tower to Purity and Tranquility Hall is the residential area. They all lay out on the same line. The main entrance to the palace is the Grand Qing Gate, also called Meridian Gate because the emperor considered himself as the son of Heaven and the palace should be the center of universe Grand Qing Gate was built in 1632 and is was the place where the civilian officials and military ministers to present themselves before the emperor daily special feature of the gate is the tile color. They are all yellow tiles but engraved with green borders. Yellow symbolizes the ground and the royal right while green represents sea and mountains. The com#bination of them means controlling the vast areas on the earth. The building to the east of Grand Qing Gate is called Ancestor Temple (Taimiao) with yellow tile roof, where Nuerhachi's descendants offered sacrifices to their ancestors for blessings. So Ancestor Temple is the most important. Please follow me into the gate. This path in the middle links the gate to Holy Administration Hall with Flying Dragon Pavilion (Feilongge) and Flying Phoenix Pavilion (Xiangfengge) on each side. The Hall of Holy Administration is the main building in the middle part of the palace and it was the center of the military, administrative affairs in early Qing Dynasty and had witnessed many national ceremonies. Flying Dragon and Flying Phoenix Pavilions were for storing music instruments. Holy Administration Hall was Emperor Huangtaiji's office. In front of the hall are Rigui and Jiangliang, which were used as measure instruments and supposed to be the symbol of unity. In accident construction, office area is usually in the front part and residential area is in the rear.

Since we have visited the place where the Emperors worked and now we'll pay a visit to the place where empress and concubines lived. Here is the Phoenix Tower. It served as an entrance to the rear chambers and also the entertainment area of Huangtaiji and his concubines, and some gatherings or banquets were held occasionally. The tower was built on a terrace 3.8 meters tall. It was the tallest building in Shenyang at that time is amazing watching sunrise in the morning on the tower and Phoenix Sunrise is one of the famous Eight fascinating Scenes in Shenyang. Look upward, we will see a board hanging up on Phoenix Tower ,on which Emperor Qianlong inscribed "Ziqidonglai", which meant the Qing Dynasty in Beijing immigrated from Shengjing, the old name for Shenyang to the east e are 24staircases leading to Phoenix Tower representing 24 seasonal divisions points in Chinese lunar calendar.

Now notice the pole standing right in the middle of the courtyard. This red pole is called Suolun pole, or Holy Pole. Its round tin container near the top was filled with food for feeding crows. It was said that Nuerhachi was saved by crows. Crows are considered sacred in Manchurian culture though in Chinese culture crows are regarded as birds bringing bad luck. Emperor Huangtaiji had four concubines. Among the four concubines Chen was loved best by Huangtaiji and Concubine Zhuang was the wisest and the mother of the next emperor, Fulin. Therefore, she had a special status among the concubines. The only chimney was built on the rear of Purity and Tranquility hall from the ground with 11 layers, representing the 11 emperors from Emperor Huangtaiji to the last emperor Puyi. This chimney was the highest one at that time. In Chinese, the sound of chimney "tong" is the same as that of unity. To the north further is rear courtyard called Yuhua Garden. After visiting the middle section of the palace, we com#e to the eastern section. Its representative building is the Great Administration Hall, flanked by Ten Princes Pavilions. This part was built in 1625, and they were the earliest building in Shenyang Imperial Palace. Great Administration Hall is the place ceremonies and handled state affairs. Great Administration Hall was built with eight sides representing the style of military tent and also Eight Banner military system.

Now please look at the ten pavilions, five on each side, which were the offices of the com#manders at that time. Here I will give you an introduction to the military system of early Manchurian Period. Nuerhachi divided his troops in four parts and each part was identified by the color of its banner e sere then four kinds of banner: red, blue, white and yellow banner. As the troops expanded quickly, another four parts were added and therefore another four kinds of banner were needed then there were altogether eight kinds of banner. This army was therefore well known for Eight Banner Army.

The last part of Shenyang Imperial Palace is the western section, built from 1782 to 1783 and during Emperor Qianlong's reign. Its main construction is Book Source Pavilion (Wensuge) with Theater Platform and Good Descendant-benefiting Hall (Jiayintang) in front, Prosperity Administration Study (Yangxizhai) and Nine Halls behind. Book Source Pavilion (wensuge) was specially designed for storing the encyclopedia com#piled at that time, Si Ku Quan Shu. This encyclopedia collected most of the books in Chinese history com#plication started in set of history books is com#posed of seven sections, more than 36,000 volumes. It took educated persons over 10 years to finish is. When finished, the whole encyclopedia was duplicated in seven pavilions across China. The other six copies were either damaged during wars or lost. This set is the only one well kept. But the real copy is no longer here and now is restored in the Palace Museum in Beijing and Gansu province library. We can see that Book Source Pavilion covered with black tiles. In Chinese philosophy, black refers water. The pavilion was built for storing books and its biggest threat was fire. So black tiles hinting water covering it on the top as a way of protection. Good Property Admiration Study was for Emperor reading while Descendant-benefiting Hall and the Theater Platform consisting of a courtyard for Emperor ,his empress and concubines watching plays. Shenyang Imperial Palace is one of the cultural relics in China and it is the symbol of this city. It is a good com#bination of different nationalities as well as a tourist attraction.

And now we have to end our visiting, I hope you all enjoy it and thank you for your cooperation, goodbye.

瀋陽故宮導遊詞英文版 篇2

Hello,everyone!Please allow me to express a warm welcome on behalf of Shenyang citizens.I'm with great pleasure to be your tourist guide and from now on I will show you around Shenyang Imperial Palace,shere the founder of Qing Dynasty Nuerhachi and his son Huangtaiji yang Imperial Palace ,Fuling tomb and Zhaoling Tomb made in the early period of Qing Dynasty are the three famous historical sites in Shenyang .

Shenyang Imperial Palace with a history of over 360 years started in 1625 and was roughly accomplished in 1636 during the reign of Nuerhachi and HuangTaiji. After them four emperors of Qing Dynasty had come back from Beijing to this palace for 10 times and enlarged its area and added its were Emperor Kangxi,Qianlong,Jiaqing and efore,until 1783 the palace was finally finished.

Shenyang Imperial Palace is one of the two royal palaces well kept in other one is Forbidden City in yang Imperial Palace was entitled "Historic Culture Relics Preserved Buildings" in 1961 by the State palace is an emperor museum combining the architectual styles of the minorities of Man,Han and Mongolia.

This palace covers an area of 60,000 square meters,comprising over 20 courtyards,300 houses and 70 whole construction is divided into three sections: the east, middle and west.

First let's pay a visit to the buildings in the buildings in the middle layout of middle section is similar to a Chinese compound with three first courtyard is the office starts from the Grand Qing Gate on the south and ends at Holy Administration Phoenix Tower to Purity and Tranquility Hall is the residential all lay out on the same line.

The main entrance to the palace is the Grand Qing Gate,also called Meridian Gate because the emperor considered himself as the son of Heaven and the palace should be the center of universe Grand Qing Gate was bulilt in 1632 and is was the place where the civilian offcials and military ministers to present themselves before the emperor daily special feature of the gate is the tile are all yellow tiles but engraved with green ow synbolizes the ground and the royal right while green represents sea and combination of them means controlling the vast areas on the earth.

The building to the east of Grand Qing Gate is called Ancestor Temple(Taimiao)with yellow tile roof,where Nuerhachi's descendants offeredsacrifices to their ancestors for Ancestor Temple is the most important.

Please follow me into the path in the middle links the gate to Holy Administration Hall with Flying Dragon Pavilion (Feilongge) and Flying Phoenix Pavilion(Xiangfengge) on each Hall of Holy Administration is the main building in the middle part of the palace and it was the center of the military,administrative affairs in eatly Qing Dynasty and had witnessed many national ng Dragon and Flying Phoenix Pavilions were for storing music instruments.

Holy Administration Hall was Emperor Huangtaiji's front of the hall are Rigui and Jiangliang,which were used as measure instruments and supposed to be the symbol of unity.

In accient construction,office area is usually in the front part and residential area is in the e we have visted the place where the Emperors worked and now we'll pay a visite tothe place where empress and concubines is the Phoenis served as an entrances to the rear chambers and also the entertainment area of Huangtaiji and his concubines,and some gatherings or banquets were held tower was built on a terrace 3.8 meters was the tallest building in Shenyang at that time is amazing watching sunrise in the morning on the tower and Phoenix Sunrise is one of the famous Eight fascinating Scenes in Shenyang.

Look upward ,we will see a board hanging up on Phoenix Tower ,on which Emperor Qianlong inscribed "Ziqidonglai",which meant the Qing Dynasty in Beijing immigrated fron Shengjing,the old name for Shenyang to the east e are 24staircases leading to Phoenix Tower representing 24 seasonal divisions points in chinese lunar Shenyang Imperial palace chambers are higher than halls, which is contrary to the architectural style in Forbidden city in Beijing.

Walking through the tower are the rear one on the north in the middle was called Purity and Tranquility Hall,which was prepared for emperor and other four lying on both sides were fo concubines ty and Tranquility Hall has five rooms and the First from the east was where Huangraiji passed away here at the age of 52 without any throne passed to his ninth son, early Qing Dynasty,the construction style was summed up like this: bag-like house,zigzag bed and chimney sitting on the main buildings here were different from other buildings with a door was opende in the wall of the east room and the other rooms were connected together like a zigzag beds,made of mud and brick and with fire and smoke tunnels were called"kang"in order to get heat and keep room warm in winter,tunnels was made under the ground of Purity and Tranquility Hall to put fire and smoke through notice the pole standing on the ground for smoke notice the pole standing right in the middle of the red pole is called Suolun pole,or Holy round tin container near the top was filled with food for feeding was said that Nuerhachi was savedby s are considered sacred in Manchurian culture though in Chinese culture crows are regarded as birds bringing bad luck.

Emperor Huangtaiji had four g the four concubines Chen was loved best by Huangtaiji and Concubine Zhuang was the wisest and the mother of the next emperor,efore ,she had a special status among the concubines.

The only chimney was built on the rear of Purity and Tranquility hall from the ground with 11 layers ,representing the 11 emperors from Emperor Huangtaiji to the last emperor chimney was the highest one at that Chinese ,the sound of chimeny"tong" is the same as that of unity.

To the north further is rear courtyard called Yuhua Garden.

After visiting the middle section of the palace ,we come to the eastern representative building is the Great Administration Hall,flanked by Ten Princes part was built in 1625,and they were the earliest building in Shenyang Imperial t Administration Hall is the place ceremonies and handled state affairs.

Great Administration Hall was built with eight sides representing the style of military tent and also Eight Banner military please look at the ten pavilions,five on each side,which were the offices of the commanders at that I will give you an introduction to the military system of early Manchurian Period hachi divided his troops in four parts and each part was identified by the color of its banner e sere then four kinds of banner:red,blue,white and yellow the troops expanded quickly ,another four parts were added and therefore another four kinds of banner were needed then there were altogether eight kinds of army was therefore well known for Eight Banner Army .

The last part of Shenyang Imperial Palace is the western section,built from 1782 to 1783 and during Emperor Qianlong's main construction is Book Source Pavilion (Wensuge) with Theater Platform and Good Descendant-benefiting Hall(Jiayintang) in front,Prosperity Administration Stydy (Yangxizhai) and Nine Halls Souurce Pavilion(wensuge) was specially designed for storing the encyclopedia compiled at that time,Si Ku Quan encyclopedia collected most of the books in Chinese history complication started in set of history books is composed of seven sections,more than 36,000 took educated persons over 10 years to finish finished,the sholecneyclopedia was duplicated in seven pavilions across other six copies were either damaged during wars or set is the only one well the real copy is no longer here and now is restored in the Palace Museum in Beijing and Gansu province can see that Book Source Pavilion covered with black Chinese philosophy,black refers pavilion was built for storing books and its biggest threat was black tiles hinting water covering it on the top as a way of protection Proserty Admiration Study was for Emperor reading while Descendant-benefiting Hall and the Theater Platform consisting of a couryard for Emperor ,his empress and concubines watching plays.

Shenyang Imperial Palace is one of the cultural relics in China and it is the symbol of this city is a good combination of diferent nationalities as well as a tourist now we have to end our visiting ,I hope you all enjoy it and thank you for your cooperation,goodbye.

瀋陽故宮導遊詞英文版 篇3

遊客朋友們好,歡迎遊覽瀋陽故宮!

瀋陽故宮,是中國現存兩座古代帝王宮殿之一,也是舉世僅存的滿族風格建築羣,具有很高的歷史價值、文化價值和藝術價值。20xx年,聯合國教科文組織正式將瀋陽故宮列入《世界遺產名錄》。

瀋陽故宮位於瀋陽老城區中心,即瀋河區瀋陽路。初建時叫“盛京宮闕”,清遷都北京後又稱“陪都宮殿”、“留都宮殿”,並被尊為“國初聖蹟”。它始建於後金天命十年(1620xx年),建成於崇德元年(1636年),是清太祖努爾哈赤和清太宗皇太極營造和使用過的宮殿。

清世祖福臨也在這裏繼位稱帝,改元“順治”,並於當年入關,統治全中國。清王朝入主中原後,康熙、乾隆、嘉慶、道光等皇帝先後10次“東巡”盛京祭祖,都到此“恭瞻”,或駐蹕處理朝政和舉行盛大慶典,並有所改建。

瀋陽故宮是清王朝定鼎中原前在東北地區的統治中心,也是清統一全國後在東北地區的政治和經濟中心。

瀋陽故宮現佔地面積6萬多平方米,分為東路、中路和西路三部分。東路建築為努爾哈赤時期所建,具有濃郁的民族特色;中路建築,主要是皇太極時期所建,曾演繹過許多的歷史故事;西路建築,建於清乾隆年間,以儲藏《四庫全書》而聞名。

接下來,我們按照時間順序自東向西遊覽。

一、瀋陽故宮東路建築

瀋陽故宮東路建築主要包括大政殿和十王亭。從建築形式上看,它們都是“亭子式”建築,好像十一座“帳殿”依次排列在寬闊的廣場中。這種建築形式脱胎於女真戎馬生涯中的帳殿,是遊牧民族“帳殿制”在皇宮建築上的反映。

從建築佈局上看,大政殿居中,兩旁分列10個亭子,從北向南,呈八字形展開,在視覺上使大政殿更為深遠,這種空間的處理方式在中國宮殿中僅此一例。

這種把汗王聽政的大殿與八旗王公大臣後朝議事的亭子建在一起的格局,正是努爾哈赤崛起之初實行軍政合一的八旗制度所決定的,反映了努爾哈赤晚年一汗獨尊、八和碩貝勒共治國政的歷史風貌。

1、大政殿

大政殿俗稱“八角殿”,外高18米,是一座八角重檐攢尖頂“亭子式”建築,下面約有1.5高的須彌座式台基,周圍繞以青石圍欄,欄上有各種精美的雕刻。其東南西北四面都有“踏跺”伸出,南面最大,並有“御路”聯通平地。

殿身八面均由“斧頭眼”式木隔扇們組成,不砌磚石,可以任意開啟,周圍出廊有朱漆圓柱18根,正門兩柱子上盤繞着栩栩如生的金龍,昂首舞爪,雙雙朝向懸於樑上正中的一顆紅光熠熠的火焰寶珠,造型極為豐富。

殿頂是黃琉璃瓦鑲綠剪邊,重檐上下各有8條五彩琉璃脊背,即體現了滿足對鮮豔色彩的熱愛,又象徵着滿足從森林草原上的崛起。

殿頂正中為寶瓶火焰珠攢尖頂,寶瓶為佛教法器,被視為神之聖物。火焰寶珠為如意珠,據説得此珠者可滿足各種慾望。攢尖頂體現了“殿帳”風格,反映了清初政權剛剛建立時的觀念意識。8條垂脊上各站着一個蒙古力士,面側對“寶頂”,腿略彎曲,兩臂前後分開,側身牽引,象徵“八方歸一”。

大政殿內這8根彩繪雲龍的紅色巨柱頂天離地,支撐殿頂,中間是皇帝御用的九龍金漆寶座屏風。上方這塊“泰交景運”的匾額,為乾隆皇帝御筆,兩旁的橙聯有6米長,寫的是“神聖相承,恍睹開國宏猷,一心一德;子孫是守,長懷紹庭永祚,卜世卜年。”這是一副為清王朝歌頌功德的楹聯,意在警示其後代永葆大清江山國運綿長。

屋頂上是騰飛的金龍綵鳳,正中最高處為圓形木雕金漆祥龍藻井,周圍是梵文天花彩畫裝飾,靠裏側為萬福、萬祿、萬壽、萬喜8個篆書漢字圖案,為這座殿堂增加了增添了吉祥、神聖的氣氛。

大政殿作為17世紀初的建築傑作,融匯了滿、漢、蒙、藏等多民族建築藝術風格,是瀋陽故宮最著名的建築之一。

2、十王亭

十王亭,又稱“八旗亭”,在廣場兩側呈八字形排開,每邊5個。從北至南,東邊為左翼王亭、鑲黃旗亭、正白旗亭、鑲白旗亭、正藍旗亭;西邊為右翼王亭、正黃旗亭、正紅旗亭、鑲紅旗亭、鑲藍旗亭。

左右翼王亭是當時左右兩翼王爺辦公的地方。八旗亭是八旗旗主辦公的地方,也是在大政殿舉行朝會和典禮時各旗官員的集結之處。他們之間的主要區別之處是左右翼王是從事政的,而八旗旗主是從事軍事的。

這種建築形式是以八旗制度為核心的軍政體制在宮殿建築上的反映。八旗制度是政治、軍事合二為一的組織形式,是當時國家制度的基本組成部分。皇帝對國家的治理主要通過八旗來實現,遇有重要事情必須與八旗旗主商量決定,可見八旗在清入關前國家制度中佔有重要地位。

二、瀋陽故宮中路建築

瀋陽故宮中路建築自成體系,共有三進院落。由南至北依次是大清門、崇政殿、鳳凰樓、清寧宮。它們都排列在一條中軸線上,兩側還有一些對稱式的附屬建築。這些建築雖然保持了滿足的建築特色,但受漢族傳統文化的影響十分明顯,是漢滿等多民族建築藝術的融匯,並真實的記錄了皇太極時期波瀾壯闊的歷史風雲。

1、第一進院落

第一進院落,南有大清門,北有崇政殿,東有飛龍閣,東七間樓,西有翔鳳閣,西七間樓。飛龍閣、翔鳳閣都是二層,為五間硬山式建築,裏面陳列着乾隆東巡時帶到瀋陽故宮的樂器。

(1)大清門

大清門,俗稱午門,也就是瀋陽故宮的正門,為五間硬山式建築,是當時文武羣臣候朝的地方,也是清太宗皇太極接受羣臣謝恩之處。按規定,文武羣臣候朝時,只能站在門內和門南,東西對面而立,而不允許“背闕”(背向北)或“面闕”(面向北)。當官員們升遷、調任或是獲罪恩免時,都要到這裏向門北的崇政殿叩謝天恩。

(2)崇政殿

十王亭,又稱“八旗亭”,在廣場兩側呈八字形排開,每邊5個。從北至南,東邊為左翼王亭、鑲黃旗亭、正白旗亭、鑲白旗亭、正藍旗亭;西邊為右翼王亭、正黃旗亭、正紅旗亭、鑲紅旗亭、鑲藍旗亭。

左右翼王亭是當時左右兩翼王爺辦公的地方。八旗亭是八旗旗主辦公的地方,也是在大政殿舉行朝會和典禮時各旗官員的集結之處。他們之間的主要區別之處是左右翼王是從事政的,而八旗旗主是從事軍事的。

這種建築形式是以八旗制度為核心的軍政體制在宮殿建築上的反映。八旗制度是政治、軍事合二為一的組織形式,是當時國家制度的基本組成部分。皇帝對國家的治理主要通過八旗來實現,遇有重要事情必須與八旗旗主商量決定,可見八旗在清入關前國家制度中佔有重要地位。

二、瀋陽故宮中路建築

瀋陽故宮中路建築自成體系,共有三進院落。由南至北依次是大清門、崇政殿、鳳凰樓、清寧宮。它們都排列在一條中軸線上,兩側還有一些對稱式的附屬建築。這些建築雖然保持了滿足的建築特色,但受漢族傳統文化的影響十分明顯,是漢滿等多民族建築藝術的融匯,並真實的記錄了皇太極時期波瀾壯闊的歷史風雲。

1、第一進院落

第一進院落,南有大清門,北有崇政殿,東有飛龍閣,東七間樓,西有翔鳳閣,西七間樓。飛龍閣、翔鳳閣都是二層,為五間硬山式建築,裏面陳列着乾隆東巡時帶到瀋陽故宮的樂器。

(1)大清門

大清門,俗稱午門,也就是瀋陽故宮的正門,為五間硬山式建築,是當時文武羣臣候朝的地方,也是清太宗皇太極接受羣臣謝恩之處。按規定,文武羣臣候朝時,只能站在門內和門南,東西對面而立,而不允許“背闕”(背向北)或“面闕”(面向北)。當官員們升遷、調任或是獲罪恩免時,都要到這裏向門北的崇政殿叩謝天恩。

(2)崇政殿

鳳凰樓,建在3.8米高的青磚台基上,是一座三層歇山式建築,原名叫翔鳳樓,是皇太極休息、宴會和讀書之所。清入關後用以存放帝王畫像、行樂圖及清初皇帝玉璽。康熙二十年(1681年)重修,乾隆八年(1743年)改成今名。

鳳凰樓正門上方懸掛的“紫氣東來”金字橫匾,是乾隆皇帝御筆,意思是大清朝國力強盛的福氣是從東方盛京而來,表達了清代皇帝對先祖創業之地的頂禮膜拜。下層的門洞是連接台上台下的通道,鳳凰樓既是後宮的大門,又是當時盛京城的最高建築,所以有“鳳樓曉日”、“鳳樓觀塔”等傳稱,並被列為盛京八大景之一。

3、第三進院落

第三進院落,南起鳳凰樓,北至清寧宮,東西各有二宮,是一組典型的北方四合院建築,這裏是皇太極的後宮,為皇太極和后妃們的住所。

整個後宮建在高台之上,並高於前朝的宮殿。這種“宮高殿低”的特色反映了滿族的傳統和習慣。滿族先人曾是一個以遊獵為主的山地民族,常年生活在山林之中,逐漸形成了代代則高而居、把山寨首領的住宅建在地勢最高處的生活習慣。因此,瀋陽雖地處平原,但仍用人工堆砌高台,在高台上建寢宮。

另外,清入關前,後金政權一直處於烽火硝煙的戰亂年代,滿族作為一個弱小民族在其發展過程中受到的威脅,使他們不論在心裏上還是現實中都必須時刻保持警惕,而後宮建在高處,隨時可以登高遠眺,起到防禦作用。

(1)清寧宮

清寧宮,原名“正宮”,為五間硬山式建築,是瀋陽故宮最具滿足住宅特色的建築。

東一間是皇太極和孝莊文皇后博爾吉特氏的寢宮,稱“暖閣”,寢宮分為南北兩室,各有火炕,又稱“龍牀”。崇德八年(1643年)皇太極就在南炕“無疾端坐而終”,終年52歲,後葬於昭陵。東側第二間的北窗下設兩口大鍋,南宮門旁設一口鍋,是祭祀時煮肉和燒炕用的。

西側三間通連北西南三面搭成相連的環炕,稱為“萬字炕”,是帝后日常隱居及會見、宴請親眷的廳堂。

西四間還有一個十分重要的用途,就是作為宮內舉行薩滿教祭祀的“神堂”。薩滿教是一種以信奉“萬物有靈”為特點的原始宗教,也是過去滿足民間普遍流行的一種信仰習俗。

(2)索倫杆

索倫杆在清寧宮正門前的庭院南端,滿族人稱之為“神杆”。木杆下方上圓,底部鑲有石座,頂端安有錫鬥,全部用紅漆塗染。它是滿族人用來祭天的,祭天時在錫鬥裏放上五穀雜糧或豬雜碎,以敬烏鴉。這反映了滿足薩滿教的靈禽崇拜觀念。

(3)東西配宮

清寧宮兩側的東西配宮,都是皇太極和妃子們的居住之所。東配宮有關雎宮、衍慶宮,西配宮有麟趾宮和永福宮,每宮5間,建築風格與清寧宮相同,只是體諒和裝飾等級略低。

四宮中以永福宮最為著名,崇德三年(1638年),清世祖福臨就出生在永福宮。崇德八年(1643年),6歲的福臨走出了永福宮開始了皇帝的生涯。第二年,清軍入關,福臨成為清王朝統治全國的第一個皇帝。

(4)煙囱

這個平地而起的煙囱,是瀋陽故宮裏唯一的一個煙囱。它不是附建於山牆之上,而是在離牆不遠的地方建起,好像一座小塔。當年設計這個煙囱時,頗費一番心思,工匠們將宮內的地下挖空修成地溝,上面蓋方磚,叫火地,又在室外修有燒火的灶門,所以宮內即取了暖,又不受煙燻,由此可以充分體會到滿足建築的精妙之處。

宮內把這種挖有地下火道的房子稱之為暖閣,清寧宮的冬暖閣就是這種結構。因為皇宮只有這一個煙囱,所以皇太極下旨,盛京城內所有煙囱都不得高於它,這就叫大清朝一統天下,這裏取的是“統”的諧音。

三、瀋陽故宮西路建築

瀋陽故宮西路建築,是為了適應皇帝東巡時的需要而增設的一組建築,套院相接,多而不亂,是文化氣息較濃之處。

文溯閣,建於乾隆四十六年(1781年)至乾隆四十八年,為西路建築中的主體建築,是仿照明代浙江寧波大藏書家範欽的“天一閣”修建的,專門收藏乾隆時期編纂的大型圖書《四庫全書》,也是全國存放《四庫全書》的著名閣樓之一。

閣名是乾隆皇帝欽定的,因其位於“祖宗發祥之地”盛京,所以取“溯源求本”之意,命名為文溯閣。《四庫全書》共7部,其中1部當年就存放在文溯閣,後因戰備考慮將其移交到甘肅省圖書館保存。

文溯閣也是硬山式建築,面闊6間,從外面看是重檐2層,從裏面看則是3層,明顯帶有江南建築的風格樣式。與其他建築不同,文溯閣頂蓋用的是黑琉璃瓦綠剪邊,這在瀋陽故宮建中是獨一無二的。

根據五行八卦之説,黑是代表水,書最忌火,以黑瓦為頂象徵着以水克火之意。此外,文溯閣的所有門窗都漆為綠色,外檐彩畫也已藍綠白相間的冷色調為主,樑枋間彩繪“白馬獻書”圖案,給人以古雅清新之感。

閣內還懸有乾隆手書的對聯“古今併入含茹,萬象滄溟控大本,禮樂仰承基緒,三江天漢導洪瀾”。

文溯閣東有方形碑亭1座,內立石碑一塊。正面刻有乾隆帝撰寫的《御製文溯閣碑記》,背面刻有乾隆撰寫的《宋孝宗論》。碑文詳細記錄了建閣經過和《四庫全書》的收藏情況。

文溯閣後為仰熙齋,是皇帝讀書之所。閣前宮門外有嘉蔭堂,左右有出廊,南面有戲台,是乾隆、嘉慶時期皇帝東巡賞戲的場所。

各位遊客朋友,今天的遊覽就到此結束了,謝謝大家!