本站：主謂結構的短語為什麼要交短語而不是句子呢?下面我們一起看看這篇《主謂短語結構解析》。
主謂短語也叫做獨立主格、獨立結構或獨立主格結構。它的構成是：
名詞/代詞+動詞
叫它“短語”而不是“句子”，因此，其中的動詞必須用“非謂語”動詞的形式，否則就是“主謂句子”了，這一點無疑是瞭解短語最重要的一點了。
那麼最後的構成是這樣的：
名詞/代詞+非謂語動詞
1、名詞/代詞+現在分詞
Mary coming back, they discussed it together.
如果不用主謂短語，就需要兩個句子來表達同樣一句話：
Mary came back. They discussed it together.
The train arriving at Platform 8 is the 17.50from London.
如果不用主謂短語，就需要兩個句子來表達同樣一句話：
The train arrived at Platform 8. The train is the17.50 from London.
或者用定語從句來表達：
The train which arrived at Platform 8 is the 17.50 from London.
2、名詞/代詞+不定式
Lots of homework to do, the little boy had to stay home all day.
No house to live in, the beggar had to sleep in the cave.
I sent you 100 dollars today, the rest to follow in a year.
3、名詞/代詞+過去分詞
The system used in this school is very successful.
He lay on his back, his hands crossed under his head.
The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons finished for the day.
注意：(邏輯)主語和謂語有被動的意思
4、主系表短語
His stomach (being) empty, he looked for something to eat when he came back.
注：上面的(邏輯)表語是形容詞
Class (being) over, the students rushed out of the class.
注：上面的(邏輯)表語是副詞
He came out of the library, a thick dictionary (being) under his arm.
注：上面的(邏輯)表語是介賓短語
with/without 獨立結構
John received an invention to dinner, and with his work finished, he gladly accepted it.
Without his work finished, John got home late.
They sit in small circles in the square, with their babies on the backs, completely uninterested in the tourists.
公眾號：英語語法教程